Complete Blood Count (CBC) With Differential

Complete Blood Count (CBC) With Differential

Wellness Testing

A Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential is a comprehensive blood test that evaluates various blood components, providing vital information about your overall health and helping diagnose various medical conditions.

Purpose:

  • A CBC is used to assess overall health and identify conditions such as anemia, infection, and leukemia.

Key Components Measured:

  • Red Blood Cells (RBC): Transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues.
  • White Blood Cells (WBC): Fight infections and diseases; the differential count breaks down types of WBCs for further diagnosis.
  • Platelets: Essential for blood clotting, helping prevent excessive bleeding.
  • Hemoglobin: The oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells.
  • Hematocrit: Indicates the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells.

Why It's Done:

  • General Health Check: Part of routine medical exams to identify underlying conditions.
  • Diagnosis: Helps investigate symptoms like weakness, fatigue, fever, swelling, or unexplained bruising and bleeding.
  • Monitoring Conditions: Tracks changes in blood cell counts for ongoing health issues.
  • Treatment Monitoring: Assesses the impact of treatments affecting blood cell counts.

Clinical Significance:

  • A CBC can reveal unusual increases or decreases in cell counts, indicating potential medical conditions that may require further testing. Regular CBC tests provide critical insights into your health and aid healthcare providers in making informed medical decisions.
Why would I need the CBC With Differential?
This test is commonly ordered during routine health check-ups or when symptoms indicate issues with your blood or immune system. Reasons for getting this test include: Routine screening: To monitor overall health and detect any underlying conditions, such as anemia or infections, even if you don’t have symptoms. Evaluating symptoms: If you have symptoms like fatigue, weakness, bruising, bleeding, or signs of infection (e.g., fever, inflammation), this test can help determine the cause. Monitoring chronic conditions: The test helps monitor disease progression and response to treatment for individuals with conditions such as anemia, infections, autoimmune disorders, or certain types of cancer (e.g., leukemia). Pre-surgical evaluation: To ensure blood levels are within a safe range before surgery.
What do the results of the CBC With Differential indicate?
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC), Hemoglobin, Hematocrit: Low levels may indicate anemia, while high levels could suggest dehydration or a condition like polycythemia. White Blood Cell Count (WBC): Elevated levels may indicate infection, inflammation, or immune response, while low levels can suggest bone marrow problems or immune disorders. Differential WBC Count: Neutrophils: High levels may indicate bacterial infections or inflammation. Lymphocytes: Elevated levels could suggest viral infections or lymphocytic disorders. Monocytes: High levels may indicate chronic inflammation or certain infections. Eosinophils: Elevated levels are often linked to allergies or parasitic infections. Basophils: High levels may be associated with allergic reactions or certain blood disorders. Platelet Count: Low levels may lead to bleeding problems, while high levels can increase the risk of clotting issues.