Purpose of the Test:

To determine if an individual is currently infected with or has previously been infected with the hepatitis A virus (HAV).

What the Test Measures:

Antibodies: The test detects antibodies produced by the immune system in response to HAV infection.

Key Information:

Hepatitis Overview: Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by one of five viruses: A, B, C, D, or E. Symptoms of these infections are similar, making antibody testing essential for accurate diagnosis.
Timing of Antibodies: Symptoms of hepatitis A usually develop 14 to 50 days after infection, with an average onset at 30 days. Antibodies can appear in the blood 5 to 10 days before symptoms manifest and may remain detectable for about 6 months. Some antibodies, particularly IgG, can confer long-term immunity.

Modes of Transmission:

Contaminated Food/Water: HAV is primarily spread through consumption of contaminated food or beverages.
Contact with Infected Individuals: The virus is present in the bowel movements of infected persons, making person-to-person transmission possible.
Rare Cases: Infection can occur through contaminated needles.

Clinical Significance:

Hepatitis A infections typically resolve on their own within a few weeks to months, and once an individual has had HAV, they usually develop immunity and are unlikely to contract it again.
This test is crucial for identifying past infections and assessing immunity, guiding vaccination decisions and public health measures.

Why would I need the Hepatitis A Virus (HAV); Antibody, Total Test?

This test is recommended for several reasons: Screening for immunity: To determine if you have immunity from past infection or vaccination, especially if you risk exposure or plan to travel to regions where hepatitis A is common. Diagnosis: To help diagnose an active or recent hepatitis A infection if you have symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, or loss of appetite. Pre-vaccination screening: To check for immunity before administering the hepatitis A vaccine, especially if you are uncertain of your vaccination or exposure history.

What do the results of the Hepatitis A Virus (HAV); Antibody, Total Test indicate?

Negative result: Indicates that no antibodies were detected, suggesting that you have not been exposed to hepatitis A, have not had the infection in the past, or have not been vaccinated. In this case, vaccination may be recommended if you are at risk. Positive result: A positive result means antibodies to hepatitis A are present. This could indicate: Past infection or immunity: IgG antibodies suggest past infection or successful vaccination and immunity to hepatitis A. Recent or current infection: IgM antibodies may indicate an active or recent infection. Further testing (e.g., liver function tests) may be recommended if an active infection is suspected to confirm the diagnosis.